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OREGON
BENCHMARKS |
Benchmark
1
- Describe
changes that occur in matter.
Benchmark
2
- Identify
substances as they exist in different states
of matter.
- Describe
the ability of matter to change state by
heating and cooling
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USA
NATIONAL SCIENCE EDUCATION CONTENT STANDARDS |
Grades
K-4
- Properties
of objects and materials
- Evidence,
models, and explanation
Grades
5-8
- Properties
of objects and materials
- Evidence,
models, and explanation
|
VICTORIAN
LEARNING OUTCOMES |
Chemical
Science:
3.1 Classify a range of materials as solids, liquids or gases according
to observable properties.
3.2 Describe examples of changes in common substances.
|
CONTENT
OBJECTIVES |
Learners
will be able to do the following:
- Name
the three forms of water found on earth
(solid, liquid, gas).
- Demonstrate
the water cycle.
|
|
What can we learn about water at the pond?
Lesson A - Rosa Raindrop's
Water Cycle
 FYI
The water - or hydrologic - cycle is an endless process in
which water is circulated around the surface of the earth through
soil, plants, animals, and the atmosphere. The amount of water
moving through the cycle has been approximately the same throughout
3.5 billion years. On average, a single water molecule is evaporate
once every 5,000 years and has moved through the cycle about
700,000 times.
MATERIALS
Part 1
- One set of Water
Cycle Activity Cards (PDF - Size 16.5MB).
There are 21 main-heading cards. If you are working
with more than 21 learners, you may assign up to 7
additional cards as follows:
- "Water vapor evaporating from the ocean" (cards 2b,
2c, 2d, 2e), for one to four additional participants
- "Rain" (card 4b), for one additional participant
- "Soil infiltration" (card 8b), for one additional participant
- Overhead transparency: A
Basic Water Cycle (PDF - Size 183KB)
- Overhead transparency: Rosa
Raindrop's World Water Tally (PDF - 2.2MB)
- Overhead transparency pen, nonpermanent ink
- Blackboard and chalk or flip-chart with pens
Part 2
PREPARATION
Download a copy of the 4-H
Rosa Raindrop Water Cycle Board Game and
print on 11" x 17" paper.
Download a copy of the Water Cycle
Activity Cards and
print onto card stock. Make the overhead transparencies listed
above
by downloading A Basic Water Cycle and Rosa
Raindrop's World Water Tally and either printing
or copying to a transparency.
PROCEDURE
Part 1
Place the overhead transparency A
Basic Water Cycle on the
projector. Pass out the first seven Water Cycle cards. These
are cards 1, 2a, 3, 4a, 5, 6 and 7. As you hand a card to each
learner, have him or her read the FACT on the card to the class,
then take his or her place in the Basic Water Cycle circle.
When the first seven learners are in place, ask them to read
again the title of their card to the group. Ask the remaining
learners if there are any ways not mentioned that water exists
or moves on the earth. Record the answers on the board or flip-chart
paper.
From the remaining Water Cycle cards (8 through
21), pass out the ones from the answer list learners made first.
Add
all the remaining cards from the set, and, if needed, cards
2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 4b, 8b, and 13b. As you hand each card to a
learner, have him or her read the FACT on the card to the group,
then take his or her place in the Water Cycle circle. The learner
with card 21 (Rose Raindrop) joins the demonstration after
all the other learners have taken their places in the Water
Cycle circle.
Put the Rosa Raindrop's World
Water Tally overhead transparency
on the overhead projector. As Rosa Raindrop to travel around
the water cycle, pausing as each learner again reads his or
her card's title. At each location with a world water supply
percentage listed, Rosa "collects" this water. Use
an erasable overhead pen to record the water supply percentage
in each
blank on the World Water Tally.
| Rosa Raindrop's World Water Tally |
|
| Lakes |
0.017% |
|
Rivers/streams |
0.0001% |
| Oceans |
97.54% |
|
Ice caps/glaciers |
1.81% |
| Soil Moisture |
0.005% |
|
Atmospheric water |
0.001% |
| Groundwater |
0.62% |
|
|
|
When Rosa has completed one cycle through
the Water Cycle, ask learners to raise their hand if they represent
a part of the water cycle in which water:
- Is a gas
- Is a liquid
- Is a solid
- Moves
- Is fresh
- Is salty. Remember, only one learner, the
ocean represents salt water. However, the majority of the
water on earth is
found in the oceans. Remind learns of this using the World
Water Tally. They should be be confused by the greater number
of learners who represent the many forms of freshwater.
- Which parts of the water cycle take place
at the habitat area pond? (Water is lost from the pond by
evaporation, transpiration,
and absorption by plants. Water is added to the pond by snow,
rain, hail, runoff.)
- Because the habitat area pond is an artificial pond, parts
of the water cycle probably do not take place there. Ask
learners, "Which parts of the water cycle do not take place
at the habitat area pond?" (Infiltration of water into soil
or percolation from soil, due to the pond liner.)
Part 2
Pass out one 4-H Rosa Raindrop Water
Cycle Board Game to each
group of four learners. They also will need on playing piece
each and a die for each game. Ask learners to play two or three
rounds of the game. Did they travel a different path through
the water cycle each time they played?
EXTEND THE LEARNING
Project WILD Aquatic Education Activity
Guide: How Wet is Our Planet?
A Palette of Fun (4-H 713L): Mural Madness; Scissors
Snipping
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